The short answer
No. macOS draws one Dock, and it lives on one display at a time. There is no setting anywhere in System Settings that puts a second copy on another screen, and there has never been one.
Two ways, and they do different things. If your Dock sits at the bottom of the screen, push the pointer past the bottom edge of the display you want it on and hold it there for a moment — the Dock jumps across. To move it for good, set that display as the main display in System Settings → Displays, which also moves the menu bar.
Pushing the pointer past the bottom edge is quick, needs no settings, and is the trick most people never find.
It works because the Dock follows the pointer to whichever display asks for it. A Dock pinned to the left or right edge answers on that edge instead.
Setting a display as the main one moves the Dock there for good — and moves everything else macOS attaches to the main display along with it.
The catch: the menu bar moves with it. On macOS the Dock and the menu bar belong to the same display, so you cannot keep the menu bar on one screen and put the Dock on another.
Moving one Dock is not the same as having a dock where you are working. If you have a laptop below an external display, or two monitors side by side, the Dock is always on one of them — so half your working time it is on the other screen, and reaching it means crossing a display.
It is also one bar holding everything. The apps you use for design, for code, for writing and for messaging all sit in the same strip, in the same order, whichever screen you happen to be on.
Since macOS offers no setting, a small category of Mac apps draws its own bars and runs them alongside — or instead of — the built-in Dock. They differ in how they look, what they can hold, and how much they get in the way, so it is worth trying one before paying for it.
We make one of them, so treat what follows as what it is: a description of ours, not a comparison with anyone else's.
Every display gets its own dock — up to ten of them. Each one picks its display, its edge (top, bottom, left or right), and where it sits along that edge. Each holds the apps and folders you chose for it, so the screen you write on and the screen you design on stop sharing one bar.
It needs macOS 14 or later, on Apple silicon or Intel, and one permission — Accessibility — for the parts that touch other apps' windows.
Not from macOS itself, but a third-party app can add its own bars alongside the built-in Dock. Docksmith is one: it gives each display its own dock, holding the apps and folders you choose, with its own keyboard shortcut.
Download it, open it, and ask for a trial key from inside the app. No card, no account. If it does not suit your setup, you have lost an afternoon and nothing else.
macOS 14+ · Notarized by Apple · One payment, no subscription
More detail: a dock on every display, how hiding and revealing works, and the manual.